Acceleration of Quantum Computing Commercialization Race: Analysis of Technological Advancements and Market Outlook for 2025
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The quantum computing market is reaching an unprecedented inflection point in 2025. The global quantum computing market size is expected to grow from $1.9 billion in 2024 to approximately $2.8 billion in 2025, marking a 47% increase, and is projected to reach $12.5 billion by 2030 with a compound annual growth rate of 32.1%. Notably, the innovative achievements announced by major tech companies this year indicate that quantum computing is no longer a distant future technology but a practical solution.
The most notable advancement comes from Google’s quantum computing division, headquartered in Mountain View, California. In October 2025, Google unveiled its new quantum processor ‘Willow,’ claiming it completed calculations in 5 minutes that would take the most powerful supercomputers 10^25 years. This represents a performance improvement of over 1,000 times compared to the ‘Sycamore’ processor announced in 2019, with significant progress in quantum error correction. Google’s Quantum AI team reported success in exponentially reducing logical qubit error rates with the increase in physical qubits.
IBM, headquartered in Armonk, New York, is also showcasing strong competitiveness in the quantum computing field. In the first half of 2025, IBM began the commercial use of its ‘Condor’ processor with 1,121 qubits and announced plans to launch a 4,000-qubit system by the end of 2025. IBM’s quantum network now includes over 200 institutions worldwide, with cumulative quantum circuit executions surpassing 3 billion. IBM is particularly focused on creating tangible business value through a quantum-classical hybrid computing approach.
Acceleration of Quantum Computing Adoption in the Financial Services Sector
The use of quantum computing in the financial services industry is rapidly expanding. JPMorgan Chase, through its partnership with IBM in 2025, applied quantum algorithms to portfolio optimization and risk management, achieving a calculation speed over 100 times faster than classical computers. Quantum supremacy was particularly evident in option pricing using Monte Carlo simulations. Goldman Sachs is also investing $200 million annually in developing high-frequency trading algorithms using quantum computing, aiming to launch commercial services by 2026.
European financial institutions are also actively adopting quantum computing. Allianz, headquartered in Munich, Germany, invested €50 million in 2025 in a quantum computing-based insurance product development project, achieving results in complex actuarial calculations and fraud detection. UBS in Zurich, Switzerland, developed a credit evaluation model using quantum machine learning, reporting a 15% improvement in predictive accuracy compared to previous methods. These achievements demonstrate the potential of quantum computing to revolutionize core business processes in financial services.
Practical achievements of quantum computing are also emerging in the pharmaceutical and biotech sectors. Roche, headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, collaborated with Google Quantum AI in 2025 to introduce quantum simulations into the drug development process. They achieved a calculation speed 10 times faster than existing methods in molecular interaction modeling and protein folding prediction, potentially reducing the drug development period by an average of two years. Pfizer in the United States also confirmed quantum supremacy in the development process of COVID-19 treatments using the IBM quantum network.
Intensifying Competition in Cloud Quantum Computing Services
The cloud-based quantum computing service market is rapidly growing. Amazon Web Services (AWS)’ Braket service saw a 340% increase in users in 2025 compared to the previous year, with monthly quantum task executions surpassing 500,000. AWS has partnered with various quantum computing hardware providers like IonQ, Rigetti, and D-Wave to offer users choices. Particularly, ‘Braket Direct,’ launched in the second half of 2025, provides dedicated quantum hardware access, gaining positive responses from corporate clients.
Microsoft’s Azure Quantum platform is also experiencing significant growth. In 2025, the cumulative number of registered users exceeded 100,000, with notable use by educational institutions and research labs. Microsoft is developing proprietary topological qubit technology and collaborating with companies like Quantinuum and IonQ to provide various quantum computing solutions. The company invested $1.5 billion in quantum computing R&D in 2025 and aims to launch 10 commercial quantum applications by 2026.
China’s advancements in quantum computing are also noteworthy. The latest version of the photonic-based quantum computer ‘Jiuzhang,’ developed by the University of Science and Technology of China, achieved the generation of 10^24 samples in 2025. Additionally, Baidu, headquartered in Beijing, announced that its own quantum computing cloud platform ‘Liangxi’ processes over 1 million quantum tasks annually. The Chinese government invested 10 billion yuan (approximately $1.4 billion) in 2025 for the development of quantum information technology, aiming for the commercialization of practical quantum computers by 2030.
The quantum computing startup ecosystem is also experiencing vibrant growth. IonQ, headquartered in College Park, Maryland, reported a 102% increase in third-quarter revenue in 2025 compared to the same period last year, reaching $12.4 million. The company completed the commercial deployment of a 32-qubit system and plans to launch a 256-qubit system by 2026. Rigetti Computing, headquartered in Berkeley, California, reported $28 million in revenue from quantum-classical hybrid systems in 2025.
However, several challenges exist in the commercialization of quantum computing. The most significant issues remain high error rates and short coherence times. Even the highest-performing quantum computers currently have logical qubit error rates at the 10^-3 level, which need to be improved to the 10^-15 level for practical applications. The shortage of quantum computing professionals is also a serious issue. According to a McKinsey report, there are about 20,000 quantum computing specialists worldwide in 2025, but at least 100,000 will be needed by 2030.
The cost of quantum computing hardware is also a major barrier to commercialization. The current cost of building high-performance quantum computer systems ranges from $10 million to $100 million, with annual operating costs in the millions. The high prices of key components such as cryogenic cooling systems, laser control equipment, and high-precision electronics are the main reasons. However, economies of scale and technological advancements are expected to reduce system costs to one-tenth of the current level by 2030.
Regulatory and standardization issues are also important considerations. Major countries like the United States, the European Union, and China are recognizing the national security importance of quantum computing technology and are strengthening export controls. The United States tightened quantum computing technology export regulations in 2025 and is restricting technological exchanges with China. The European Union decided to invest €1 billion over 10 years in the ‘Quantum Flagship’ program to secure quantum technology sovereignty. This geopolitical competition is likely to accelerate the fragmentation of the global quantum computing ecosystem.
From an investment perspective, global venture investment in the quantum computing field reached $3.5 billion in 2025, a 28% increase from the previous year. Investment in quantum software and algorithm development startups has surged. Software-specialized companies like Cambridge Quantum Computing, Zapata Technologies, and Proteus Quantum have attracted significant investments. This indicates a shift in investment interest from hardware to software and applications.
Looking ahead, the quantum computing market is expected to enter a stage of creating substantial commercial value around 2026-2027. As quantum supremacy becomes clear in optimization, simulation, and machine learning, the adoption by companies is expected to accelerate. Quantum computing-based solutions will become key elements of competitive advantage in various industries, including financial services, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, logistics, and energy. Simultaneously, advancements in quantum internet and quantum communication technologies are expected to realize a distributed quantum computing environment. Investors should focus on companies with technological leadership, commercialization capabilities, and partnership ecosystems.
This analysis is intended for general informational purposes and is not investment advice. Please consult a professional before making investment decisions.
